Rice cooked in a thin layer in a wide, shallow pan with chicken, rabbit, flat green beans, butter beans and saffron.
What makes it paella valenciana
A wide, flat paella pan and a thin layer of rice.
Short-grain rice — bomba or senia — never stirred once the stock goes in.
Saffron, and a crust, the socarrat, on the bottom.
Where it comes from
Rice has grown in the wetlands around Valencia since Moorish times. Paella began as a country dish, cooked outdoors over a wood fire — often orange or vine prunings — by farm workers with what was to hand: rabbit, chicken, beans, sometimes snails.
The name is the pan, from the Latin patella. It's still a Sunday lunch, often cooked by the men of the family, and Valencians hold that it's eaten from the pan and never made with chorizo.
How it varies
Paella de marisco
Seafood in place of meat, on the coast — prawns, mussels, squid.
Arròs negre
Rice black with squid ink, served with alioli.
Arroz a banda
Rice cooked in a strong fish stock, the fish eaten separately.